Lurline Wailana McGregor was among the winners of the Native Insight essay competition. – Photo: Courtesy of Monte Costa

By T. Ilihia Gionson / Ka Wai Ola Loa

A writing contest to promote the thoughts and traditional knowledge of natives in the area of economic recovery has come to a close, and a Native Hawaiian writer was among the winners. "Native Insight: Thoughts on Recession, Recovery and Opportunity" collected entries from Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians.

"Native communities have a wealth of knowledge and experience from engaging in commerce and trade over thousands of years," said Robin Puanani Danner, president and CEO of the Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement. "The Native Insight competition is a dynamic platform that allows the ingenuity of our people to be shared."

The competition was a project of the Alaska Federation of Natives, in partnership with the Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement, National Congress of American Indians and Office of Hawaiian Affairs.

There were seven winning entries, and Lurline Wailana McGregor was the lone Native Hawaiian winner. Ka Wai Ola Loa got the opportunity to pose a few questions to McGregor. Below are her answers, as well as the full text of her winning essay.

McGregor: The $10,000 prize caught my eye! That enticed me to read about the contest and think about economic recovery in a cultural context. I thought it would be an interesting challenge.

What is your theme for economic recovery? Could you share a few small ways that folks can participate right after reading this?

My theme is more about re-inventing the economy by taking back control over our lives. In the short term, increasing consumption will pump money back into the economy and get us out of recession, but in the long term, it only sets us up for another fall. We will continue to be at the mercy of the corporate greed and lack of government oversight that caused these current economic woes until we break the cycle. For example, petroleum and petroleum products are something we take for granted yet we know that oil prices have a huge impact on the economy. Buy fuel-efficient cars that use less gas and consolidate car trips, not just when gas prices are high but all the time. Re-use cloth bags at the grocery store instead of petroleum-based plastic bags. Stop buying water in plastic bottles, also made from petroleum and which, like plastic bags, create toxic landfill and harm the ocean and ocean life. The simplest way to approach this is if we make lifestyle changes that are good for our health and good for the environment. These choices will eventually release us from the bonds of fluctuating oil prices, multinational corporations and ineffective government protection.

You wrote that there will be "increasingly less of everything in the future unless we think in terms of using less and replenishing what we take." How do you see this paradigm effectively being implemented in Hawai'i today? And across the U.S.?

There is already less of everything. In my lifetime alone the depletion of rainforest, water (not to mention clean water), clean air, polar ice caps and unadulterated food has been greater than it was for previous centuries combined. How do we replenish what we take? First we have to be conscious of what we are taking and distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources. 'Go green', 'buy local', 'live healthy', 'recycle', 'conserve', 'environmentally friendly', 'sustainability'. These slogans and buzzwords epitomize the growing national awareness of the paradigm shift that must take place to assure that there are natural resources in the future. It will take a critical mass of the community, nationally and locally, including government leaders and individuals to commit to implement these philosophies and practices if we are to alter the path we're on now. I believe things are starting to shift... slowly.

What were some of the sources used in your writing, should readers want to learn more?

I incorporated information from research I have been doing for my second novel, which is, in part, the back-story for my first book, Between the Deep Blue Sea and Me, and goes deep into ka poʻe kahiko and cultural practices. The original sources are the chants, the dances, and the stories that have been passed down to us. Online sites, Kamakau, Pūkuʻi, Herb Kāne, bloggers like Shad Kāne, to name a few, are all excellent resources.

What do you plan to do with your $10,000 prize?

Give makana and pay ongoing living expenses.

There was once enough for everyone. That was before Captain Cook "discovered" our Hawaiian islands on his way to find a northwest passage, before the missionaries came to save our heathen ancestors and before the American businessmen called in the U.S. Navy to protect their land investments. For centuries before western contact, the Hawaiian people flourished. There was no disease, no hunger, no homelessness, no economic recession. That was then. Today, we who call Hawaiʻi home are mostly mainstream Americans, often holding two or more jobs just to survive, and are dependent on the outside world for virtually everything, even bottled water.

When Captain Cook arrived on our shores in 1778, the population size was somewhere between 400,000 and a million. Complex agricultural systems, sophisticated fishing laws and a deep spirituality that was at the heart of government and community life were all evidence of a highly advanced people who had been living throughout the islands for many hundreds of years. Hawaiians knew when to fish and when to plant according to seasons and the phases of the moon, they knew what herbs and prayers to use to cure illnesses and broken bones, they had names for everything. Our ancestors had highly developed arts and leisure time. They spoke in poetry and metaphor and had great oratory skills. They could trace their genealogies back to the time when gods and humans lived freely among each other.

In the Hawaiians' worldview, everything was connected, including the trees, the stones, the birds, the stars. As humans, their role, or kuleana, was to be the guardians, to maintain the balance and harmony of all things. To help carry out these responsibilities, Hawaiians were born with spiritual powers, or mana. Any abuse or misuse of these powers would result in a loss of one's mana, as in leaders who showed greed or who did not act in the best interests of the people. Mana could also grow in those who demonstrated exceptional skills, whether it was in fishing, healing, canoe making, and so on. Great warriors and leaders were revered as having very powerful mana.

The cultural practices of the people assured that food would always be abundant and that the earth, in its bounty, would provide for everyone. These practices were based on taking only what one needed and only when those things were plentiful. When fishermen had successful catches they fed their families, then the community. They would trade with farmers for taro and other staples. Nothing was wasted.

After over two hundred years of western influence and immigration to our islands, our sovereign government is long gone, mana has no correlation to leadership and the global market now dictates the success of our tourism-based economy. In the mainstream, we are like most other Americans, bombarded by slick ads and peer pressure to buy large screen televisions, bigger cars to protect ourselves from everyone else's big cars, and more food on our plates than we can - or should - eat. We are encouraged to buy things we can't afford and don't need. Natural resources are being depleted faster than they can be renewed to keep up with this compulsory demand, a trend that is making our land and water toxic and has contributed to our Islands' loss of sustainability.

High fuel costs and the downturn in the national economy have taken an enormous toll on our state. Fewer visitors to our islands have caused businesses to close and new construction to be delayed, which in turn has increased unemployment and is draining the State treasury. Our government leaders' response to this economic crisis has been to raise local taxes, decide which government programs to cut and whether to furlough or lay off state employees. These quick-fix choices do not present courageous or visionary solutions to this or future recessions, instead they only serve to reinforce how dependent we have become on the outside world for survival and what little control we as individuals have over our own lives.

While analysts predict that recovery is around the corner, they caution that the economy will not likely return to the high growth rates of the past few years, at least not anytime soon. This contention is supported by the ongoing instability of foreign governments, the aging of our own American population, now increasingly concerned about having money for retirement, and in the longer-term, the effects of global warming on the environment. Although we are gaining confidence that it is safe to spend again, we would be well served to take the experts' warning as an opportunity to re-think the economic philosophies that guide our country, our state, and most importantly, our own ways of thinking.

Although much in Hawaiʻi has changed, the values of our culture have been passed down to us, and by looking both backward and forward, we can forge real solutions that will improve our sustainability now and in the future. Growth in our western economic system is based on increased consumption. This is a contradiction to the most basic precept that our ancestors passed down to us: take only what you need. If this idea can be at the heart of decisions that leaders, corporate executives and even consumers make, then economic crises will become obsolete.

We do not have to stop consuming or abandon our western lifestyles to achieve sustainability, nor does the gross national project need to grow at high rates every year to maintain a stable economy. If we consume only what we need, even when we are not in a recession, the economy will eventually adjust downwards and stabilize. This would decrease the power of the multinational corporations and the volatility and impact of global economics on our local communities. To think, this could all happen because we stopped buying things we don't need, or at the very least, started buying less of what we don't need!

The earth and the economy are inextricably tied together. As we deplete our natural resources we can expect that there will be increasingly less of everything in the future unless we think in terms of using less and replenishing what we take. This idea is consistent with the Hawaiian concept of kuleana, that is, taking personal responsibility to be sure that what we take is not more than we need and that we replace or compensate for what we take so as not disturb the balance of all things.

We adopted the ways of the colonizers in order to survive. In spite of the decimation of our populations, we are still here, and we still carry the DNA of our ancestors who understood the rhythms of nature and lived in harmony with the earth. Americans are starting to lose confidence that past solutions to our economic problems will continue to be effective. Our system may eventually collapse if we do not fix what's really wrong. As Native people we are in a position to help shift the paradigm of western economic thinking by leading through example – consuming less and taking only what we need. The more we take responsibility for our own actions and support leaders whose policies are in our best interests, the sooner the changes can start to be made that will assure the survival of our grandchildren, their descendants and most importantly, our beloved Earth.