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Definitions of Hawaiian | |
Terms and Definitions |
Who is “Hawaiian?” Who is a “Native Hawaiian?” Who is a “native Hawaiian?” How many are there? Where do they live? What do they do for a living? How many of their children live below the poverty level? These are simple questions with no simple answers. The principal issue is that there is no single definition of “Hawaiian.”
The 1990 Census conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census reported 138,742 “Hawaiians” in the State of Hawai‘i. The Census Bureau uses single category self-identification to determine race. During the same year the Health Survey conducted by the Hawai‘i State, Department of Health, Health Surveillance Program estimated the “Hawaiian” population in the State of Hawai‘i to number 205,079. There was more than a 66,000 difference. The Health Surveillance Program examines the ethnic background of the parents of each individual and bases its racial designation on the racial composition of his/her parents. Consequently, a determination can be made for those of mixed race. (see Notes below)
Agencies, organizations, and institutions address the question race with a wide assortment of methodologies and procedures.
Note: Thus far the U.S. Bureau of the Census has not altered the basic methodology for determining race in the year 2000 Census. However, a recommendation has been made to change the race identifier “Hawaiian” to “Native Hawaiian”.
Note: The Health Surveillance Program, DOH, was shut down in 1994. The Health Survey which it conducted was modified, the procedures and methodologies were revised, and the survey activities are now conducted by a private contractor.
“Native Hawaiian” versus “native Hawaiian”
The Office of Hawaiian Affairs and other agencies and organizations frequently use the terminology: “Native Hawaiian” and “native Hawaiian.”
| “Native Hawaiian:” | Native Hawaiian with a upper case “N” refers to all persons of Hawaiian ancestry regardless of blood quantum. |
| “native Hawaiian:” | Native Hawaiian with a lower case “n” refers to those with 50% and more Hawaiian blood. |
Different designations are utilized due to the different level of entitlements and benefits accorded by one’s blood quantum.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Education (DOE)
For students enrolled in the Department of Education school system, race is based on the student’s enrollment application which is completed by the parent(s) of each student. Race is indicated through a single-category self-identification check list. The check list includes the categories “Hawaiian” and “Part-Hawaiian.”
For employees in the Department of Education, race is indicated through a single-category self-identification check list and recorded in their employment records. “Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. There is no “Part-Hawaiian” category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Hawaiian Home Lands (DHHL)
Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920The term “native Hawaiian” means any descendant of not less than one-half of the blood of the races inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands previous to 1778.
Beneficiaries of the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands are persons of at least 50 percent Hawaiian blood. The department determines and verifies native Hawaiian blood qualification through birth certificates and genealogical research.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Aids Surveillance Program (ASP)
The Aids Surveillance Program uses two forms to determine the race of reported AIDS cases. The first form is the standard CDC HIV/AIDS Confidential Case Report. It includes five standard U.S. Census race categories (including “Asian/Pacific Islander”) plus “Not Specified.” The second form is a locally developed break down of Asians and Pacific Islanders into 23 racial groups. The forms are filled out by health care professionals. The individual filling out the form gets the race information from the patient, the patient’s medical record, or from visual observation. “Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (BRFS)
The Behavioral Risk Factor Survey is a random-digit dialing telephone interview survey. The data on the race of a respondent is determined from answers to questionnaire item 43 which asks “What is your race?” The survey respondent self-identifies his/her race from a list of ten single racial categories read to them: Caucasian, Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Samoan/Tongan, Black, Aleutian/Alaskan, and Other--Specify. Responses not read to the respondent, but are recorded if necessary are: Don’t Know/Not sure, and Refused. “Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. The data collected is based on a random sample and is subject to sampling variability. Sample population was drawn from residents over 18 years of age and is weighted to be representative of the age, sex and race distribution of the state.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Diabetes Control Program (DCP)
For participants in the Diabetes Control Program, race is determined through single-category self-identification.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Health Surveillance Program (HSP)
The data on race derives from answers to questionnaire item 10, of the Health Surveillance Program Survey form. The question asks for the description of the racial origins of the mother and father in order of quantity for each member in a household. All races are entered in the survey form as they are given. (see Note below)
Health Surveillance files record four ethnicity codes describing each respondent, two codes describing the respondent’s mother’s racial background and two codes describing their father’s racial background. The two codes are generally the first two racial codes the respondent provides for each parent. For example, if a person’s father is (Hawaiian-Chinese-Portuguese) and the mother is (Japanese-Caucasian). The Health Surveillance files will show that person as (Hawaiian-Chinese-Japanese-Caucasian). In any analysis this individual is classified as Part-Hawaiian. In the Health Surveillance reports, when a person is classified as Chinese this means that this individual is recorded as being (Chinese-Chinese-Chinese-Chinese). IThe father is recorded as (Chinese-Chinese) and the mother is recorded as (Chinese-Chinese). If Hawaiian is among a list provided, although it is not among the first two ethnic codes, the Hawaiian code is recorded as the second code. For example, if a person’s father is (Caucasian-Portuguese) and the mother is (Chinese-Japanese-Filipino-Okinawan-Hawaiian). The Health Surveillance files will show that person as (Caucasian-Portuguese-Chinese-Hawaiian). In 1989, the ten racial categories were expanded to eighteen categories. Portuguese was reclassified as “Other Hispanic” not as “Caucasian.”
The program’s methodology and procedures are designed to measure the prevalence of acute and chronic medical conditions in the State of Hawai‘i for planning and research purposes. The data collected is based on a stratified random sample and is subject to sampling variability. The survey excludes persons in military barracks or aboard ships, institutionalized populations, and residents of Ni‘ihau and Kalaupapa on Moloka‘i.
Note: The Health Surveillance Program, DOH, was shut down in 1994. The Health Survey which it conducted was modified, the procedures and methodologies were revised, and the survey activities are now conducted by a private contractor.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Office of Health Status Monitoring (OHSM)
The vital statistics data presented by the Office of Health Status Monitoring are derived from the information registered on the Birth, Death, and Marriage Certificates. The birth certificates report the race of the mother and father, if known/reported. Race is designated through self-identification, multiple racial identifiers can be listed. The Hawai‘i State Department of Health determines a child’s race from the parents’ ethnic group following coding procedures:
Death certificates record information on the race of the deceased. Race is reported by family, next of kin, or health care professionals, multiple racial identifiers can be listed.
Marriage certificates record information on the race of both the bride and the groom. The race of each is designated through self-identification, multiple racial identifiers can be listed.
In the reporting of vital statistics data, Caucasian excludes Portuguese. There is a separate category for people of Portuguese ancestry, except for marriages, where they are combined with Caucasian.
In reported vital statistics data, the category “Hawaiian” also includes “Part-Hawaiian.”
It should be noted that only one ethnicity is coded from the actual certificates. If more than one ethnicity is listed on the certificate, the following rules apply:
Hawai‘i State, Department of Health (DOH). Cardiovascular Disease Prevention & Control Program (formerly the State Hypertension Program)
For participants in the program, race is designated through single-category self-identification. “Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. There is no “Part-Hawaiian” category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Human Services (DHS)
For those receiving assistance (Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), Aid to Aged, Blind and Disabled (ABD), General Assistance, Food Stamps, Medical) from the Department of Human Services, race is designated through a self-identification single-category check list on an assistance application form. “Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. There is no “Part-Hawaiian” category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Human Services (DHS). Family and Adult Services Division
Reports on the incidents of child abuse and neglect in Hawai‘i are based on the department’s Central Registry on Child Abuse and Neglect (CA/N Registry) and the Child Protective Services System (CPSS). Information in the CPSS come from reports such as the “Report of Child Abuse/Neglect.” The reports record the race of the victim and caretaker(s) and are usually determined at the time of the investigation/assessment with the family. Race information is selected from a single-category check list of twenty selections. “Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. In reported data, the category “Hawaiian” also includes “Part-Hawaiian.”
Hawai‘i State, Department of Human Services (DHS). Hawai‘i Housing Authority (HHA)
The race for applicants and residents in public housing under the control of the Hawai‘i Housing Authority is determined through a self-identification single-category check list on a housing application form. “Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. There is no “Part-Hawaiian” category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Human Services (DHS). Office of Youth Services (OYS)
The race of juvenile offenders committed by the Judiciary’s Family Court system is determined by self-identification. “Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Labor and Industrial Relations (DLIR)
The employment/unemployment data reported in the Department’s “Labor Force Information for Affirmative Action Programs” report is derived from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Consequently, it utilizes the Bureau’s definition of “Hawaiian.” The Employment Service Office determines race through the use of a self-identification single-category check list. The race data of the Unemployment Insurance (UI) programs are provided by the unemployment insurance claims taker and are based on visual observation or by the claimant’s last name.
Hawai‘i State, Department of Public Safety (DPS)
The race of those admitted to the facilities under the control of the Department of Public Safety is indicated through self-identification as recorded on an intake assessment form. For those who report a multiple racial background, up to three racial identifiers are recorded for that individual. In the reporting of their data:
Classification of persons into the ten following groups based on their self-reported ethnicity: Black, Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian or Part-Hawaiian, Japanese, Korean, Other, Samoan, and Not reported.
Caucasians include persons who reported their ethnicity as Portuguese.
“Other and Mixed” represents persons who reported two or more ethnicities (other than Hawaiian or Part-Hawaiian) or identified themselves with a single ethnic group not corresponding to any of the distinct groups.
Hawai‘i State, Department of the Attorney General. Crime Prevention Division
The crime data reported by the Crime Prevention Division is based upon the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program’s monthly offense and arrest reports. The reports are voluntarily submitted by the four county police departments. Information on race is recorded on the arrest reports. The arrest reports are filled out by the arresting officers. The arresting officers get the race information from the arrestee, through visual observation, or make a determination based on the arrestee’s last name. There is no standardization for racial/ethnic identification among the police departments or within each police department.
Hawai‘i State, Department of the Attorney General. Crime Prevention Division
The “Survey of Crime and Justice in Hawaii” is a random mailed questionnaire survey based on the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The data on the race of a respondent is determined from answers to questionnaire item 47 which asks “What is your race or ethnic background?” The survey respondent self-identifies his/her race from a list of ten single racial categories: White, African American, American Indian or Alaskan Native, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian, Korean, Samoan, and Other--Specify. “Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category. The data collected is based on a random sample and is subject to sampling variability. Sample population was drawn from driver’s license records (1995 Survey Report).
Hawai‘i State, Office of Elections
Hawai‘i Revised Statutes“Hawaiian,” any descendant of the aboriginal peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands which exercised sovereignty and subsisted in the Hawaiian Islands in 1778, and which peoples thereafter have continued to reside in Hawaii.
Hawai‘i State, Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA)
Hawai‘i Revised Statutes“Hawaiian” means any descendant of the aboriginal peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands which exercised sovereignty and subsisted in the Hawaiian Islands in 1778, and which peoples thereafter have continued to reside in Hawaii;
“native Hawaiian” means any descendant of not less than one-half part of the races inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands previous to 1778, as defined by the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920, as amended; provided that the term identically refers to the descendants of such blood quantum of such aboriginal peoples which exercised sovereignty and subsisted in the Hawaiian Islands in 1778 and which peoples thereafter continued to reside in Hawaii;
Hawai‘i State, University of Hawai‘i (UH)
For students enrolled in the University of Hawai‘i system, race is reported on the student’s admission application. Race is designated through a single-category self-identification check list. “Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian” is listed as a single-category.
United States, Bureau of the Census
Hawaiian as defined by the U.S. Bureau of the Census: the data on race derives from answers to questionnaire item four, which asks of all persons.
The concept of race as used by the Census Bureau reflects self-identification; it does not denote any clear-cut scientific definition of biological stock. The data for race represent self-identification by people according to the race which they most closely identify. Furthermore, it is recognized that the categories of the race item include both racial and national origin or socio-cultural groups.
Hawaiian--Includes persons who indicated their race as “Hawaiian” as well as persons who identified themselves as Part Hawaiian or Native Hawaiian.
Note: Portuguese are classified as “Portuguese” not as “Caucasian.”
The U.S. Bureau of the Census collects data on ancestry. The data on ancestry derives from answers to questionnaire item 13, which asks of a sample of persons. The data are estimates of the actual figures that would have been obtained from a complete count. The data collected is based on a random sample and is subject to sampling variability.
The question was based on self-identification; the data on ancestry represent self-classification by people according to the ancestry groups(s) with which they most closely identify. Ancestry refers to a person’s ethnic origin or descent, “roots,” or heritage or the place of birth of the person or the person’s parents or ancestors before their arrival in the United States.
The U.S. Bureau of the Census uses information on place of birth and citizenship to classify the population into two major categories: native and foreign born.
Native--Includes persons born in the United States, Puerto Rico, or an outlying area of the United States. The small number of persons who were born in a foreign country but have at least one American parent also are included in this category.
The native population is classified in the following groups: persons born in the State in which they resided at the time of the census; persons born in a different State, by region; persons born in Puerto Rico or an outlying area of the U.S.; and persons born abroad with at least one American parent.
In this circumstance, discretion should be exercised in using the term Native Hawaiian. The U.S. Bureau of the Census definition of Native Hawaiian is vastly different from other definitions of Native Hawaiian.
Abortion rate = Abortions x 1000/Population of women 15 to 44 years of age (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Abortion ratio I = Abortions x 1000/ Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Abortion ratio II = Abortions x 1000/(Live births + Fetal deaths + Abortions)(Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Age-specific birth rate - The number of live births in a given year per 1,000 women of a specified age. Generally in terms of five-year age groups. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Age-specific death rate - The number of deaths occurring in a given year per 1,000 persons of a specified age and sex. Generally in terms of five-year age groups and given separately for male and female.(Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Assigned count - The number of inmates who were physically in custody in one of Hawai‘i’s correctional facilities; and who were under the jurisdiction of the Hawai‘i Department of Public Safety and located in another state’s facility; on furlough; on escape status; or in a medical facility. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Birth defect - any structural, functional, or biochemical abnormality in development that originates before birth and is detectable at birth or shortly thereafter. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Child abuse or neglect - the acts or omissions of any person who, or legal entity which, is in any manner or degree related to the child, is residing with the child, or is otherwise responsible for the child’s care, that have resulted in the physical or psychological health or welfare of the child, who is under the age of eighteen, to be harmed, or to be subject to any reasonably foreseeable, substantial risk of being harmed. (Chapter 350: Child Abuse, §350-1)
Civilian labor force - Consists of persons classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the employed/unemployed criteria, excluding those in the armed forces and 16 years of age or under. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Crude birth rate = Live births x 1000/Total population (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Crude death rate = Deaths x 1000/ Total population. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Contract rent - The monthly rent agreed to or contracted for, regardless of any furnishings, utilities, fees, meals, or services that may be included. Housing units that are renter occupied without payment of cash are shown as “No cash rent”. The unit may be owned by friends or relatives who live elsewhere and who allow occupancy without charge. Rent-free houses or apartments may be provided to compensate caretakers, ministers, tenant farmers, or others. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Crime index - The eight (8) Part I Offenses reported in the Uniform Crime Reporting Program to represent the status of crime in the United States: murder and nonnegligent manslaughter (the later term is not used in Hawai‘i), forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. (Hawai‘i, Dept. Attorney General)
Crime rate - The number of crimes per 100,000 population (usually the resident population. (Hawai‘i, Dept. Attorney General)
Clearance - An offense is “cleared” either by arrest or exceptional means. An offense is cleared by arrest when at least one person is arrested; charged with the commission of the offense; and turned over to the court for prosecution. An offense is cleared by exceptional means when the identity of the offender is known; there is enough evidence to support an arrest, charge, and turning over to the court for prosecution; the exact location of the offender is known; and, for reasons outside the control of law enforcement, the offender cannot be arrested, charged, and prosecuted. (Hawai‘i, Dept. Attorney General)
Divorce rate = Divorces x 1000/ Total population.
Employed - All civilians 16 years old and over who were either (1) “at work”--those who did any work at all during the reference week as paid employees, worked in their own business or profession, worked on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers on a family farm or in a family business; or (2) were “with a job but not at work” --those who did not work during the reference week but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, industrial dispute, vacation, or other personal reasons. Excluded from the employed are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house or unpaid volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations; also excluded are persons on active duty in the United States Armed Forces. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Family - A family consists of a householder and one or more other persons living in the same household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. All persons in a household who are related to the householder are regarded as members of his or her family. A household can contain only one family for purposes of census tabulations. Not all household contain families since a household may comprise a group of unrelated persons or one person living alone. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Family income - In compiling statistics on family income, the incomes of all members 15 years old and over in each family are summed and treated as a single amount. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Fetal death rate = Fetal deaths x 1000/(Live births + Fetal deaths) (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Fetal death ratio = Fetal deaths x 1000/Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
General fertility rate = Live births x 1000/ Population of women 15 to 44 years of age (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
General pregnancy rate = (Live births + fetal deaths + abortions) x 1000/ Population of women 15 to 44 years of age (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Government workers - includes persons who were employees of any local, State, or Federal governmental unit, regardless of the activity of the particular agency. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Head count - The number of inmates on a specific date who were physically in custody in one of Hawai‘i’s correctional facilities. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Household - A household includes all the persons who occupy a housing unit. A housing unit is a house, an apartment, a mobile home, a group of rooms, or a single room that is occupied (or if vacant, is intended for occupancy) as separate living quarters. The occupants may be a single family, one person living along, two or more families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated persons who share living arrangements. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Household income - Includes the income of the householder and all other persons 15 years old and over in the household, whether related to the householder or not. Because many households consist of only one person, average household income is usually less than average family income. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Householder - One person in each household is designated as the householder. In most cases, this is the person, or one of the persons, in whose name the home is owned, being bought, or rented and who is listed in column 1 of the census questionnaire. If there is no such person in the household, any adult household member 15 years and older could be designated as the householder. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Housing unit - A housing unit is a house, an apartment, a mobile home or trailer, a group of rooms or a single room occupied as separate living quarters or, if vacant, intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants live and eat separately from any other persons in the building and which ave direct access from outside the building or through a common hall. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Income in 1989 - Money income received in the calendar year 1989 by persons 15 years and over. “Total income” is the algebraic sum of the amounts reported separately for wage or salary income; net nonfarm self-employment income; net farm self-employment income; Social Security; public assistance or welfare income; retirement or disability income; and all other income. “Earnings” is defined as the algebraic sum of the wage or salary income and net income from farm and nonfarm self-employment. “Earnings” represent the amount of income received regularly before deductions for personal income taxes, Social Security, union dues,Medicare deductions, etc. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Income of households - includes the income of the householder and all other persons 15 years old and over in a household, whether related to the householder or not. Because many households consist of only one person, average household income is usually less than average family income. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Income deficit - represents the difference between the total income of families and unrelated individuals below the poverty level and their respective poverty thresholds. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Inmate population - Inmates in Hawai‘i’s state correctional facilities are comprised of three major types of custody status: sentenced felons; sentenced jail; and pretrial. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Kalawao County - Census Tract 319. In reports by the Hawai‘i State and Maui County governments, Kalaupapa Settlement is included as part of Maui County. The U.S. Bureau of the Census classifies Kalaupapa Settlement as a county, Kalawao County, independent and separate from Maui County. In Census Bureau reports, Maui County data does not include Kalaupapa. Kalaupapa data is reported under Kalawao County, or is omitted due to the limited data. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Labor force - All persons classified in the civilian labor force plus members of the U.S. Armed Forces. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Low birth weight mortality rate = Infant deaths of low birth weight (under 2500 grams) x 1000/ Live births of low birth weight (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Marital status - Marital status classification of persons 15 years and over at the time of enumeration. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Marriage rate = Marriages x 1000/ Total population.
Maternal mortality rate = Maternal deaths x 100000/ Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Neonatal mortality rate = Infant deaths under 28 days x 1000/ Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Occupied housing unit - A housing unit is classified as occupied if it is the usual place of residence of the person or group of persons living in it at the time of enumeration, or if the occupants are only temporarily absent; that is, away on vacation. If all the persons staying in the unit at the time of the census have their usual place of residence elsewhere, the unit is classified as vacant. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Out marriage - Marriage to a person of a different ethnic background. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Owner occupied housing unit - A housing unit is owner occupied if the owner or co-owner lives in the unit even if it is mortgaged or not fully paid for. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Part I offenses - Offenses which make up the Crime Index: murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson; plus the offense of manslaughter by negligence. (Hawai‘i, Dept. Attorney General)
Part II offenses - All criminal offenses not classified as Part I Offenses: other assault, curfew and loitering, disorderly conduct, driving under the influence, drug abuse violations, embezzlement, forgery and counterfeiting, fraud, gambling, liquor laws, offenses against the family and children, prostitution and commercialized vice, runaways, sex offenses, status offenses, suspicion, stolen property, vagrancy, vandalism, weapons offenses, etc. (Hawai‘i, Dept. Attorney General)
Per capita income - Per capita income is the mean income computed for every man, women, and child in a particular group. It is derived by dividing the total income of a particular group by the total population in that group (excluding patients or inmates in institutional quarters). (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Perinatal mortality rate = (Infant deaths under 1 week of age + Fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation) x 1000/ (Live births + Fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation) (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Perinatal mortality ratio = (Infant deaths under 1 week of age + Fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation) x 1000/ Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Personal income - is income received by all individuals in an economy from all sources, made up of wages and salaries, other labor income, and the difference between transfer payments and personal contributions for social insurance. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Postneonatal mortality rate = Infant deaths over 27 days x 1000/ Live births (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Health)
Poverty guidelines - The poverty guidelines are the other version of the federal poverty measure. They are issued each year in the Federal Register by the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. The guidelines are a simplification of the poverty thresholds for use for administrative purposesûfor instance, determining financial eligibility for certain federal programs.
Poverty thresholds - Poverty statistics are based on definitions originally developed by the Social Security Administration. These include a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition. Families or individuals with income below their appropriate thresholds are classified as below the poverty level. These thresholds are updated annually by the U.S. Bureau of the Census to reflect changes in the Consumer price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The thresholds are used mainly for statistical purposesûfor instance, preparing estimates of the number of Americans in poverty each year.
Poverty status in 1989 - Poverty statistics presented in census publications are based on a definition originated by the Social Security Administration in 1964 and subsequently modified by Federal interagency committees in 1969 and 1980 and prescribed by the Office of Management and Budget in Directive 14 as the standard to be used by Federal agencies for statistical purposes. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Pretrial inmates - consist of pretrial felons, pretrail misdemeanants, and Federal detainees awaiting trial, pretrail release, or transfer. Their length of detention varies from one day to several months. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Renter occupied housing unit - All occupied housing units which are not owner occupied, whether they are rented for cash rent or occupied without payment of cash rent, are classified as renter occupied. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Self-employed workers - includes persons who worked for profit or fees in their own unincorporated business, profession, or trade, or who operated a farm. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Sentenced felons - are inmates who serve prison terms exceeding one year. It also includes probation and parole violators since this group is generally detained with the sentenced felon population. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Sentenced jail inmates - include sentenced misdemeanants and sentenced felon probationers who serve jail terms of one year or less. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Technical violator - custody status of inmates who are or were held as a result of violating the terms conditions of their parole or probation. (Hawai‘i, Dept. of Public Safety)
Unemployed - All civilians 16 years and over are classified as unemployed if they (1) were neither “at work” nor “with a job but not at work” during the reference week, and (2) were looking for work during the last 4 weeks, and (3) were available to accept a job. Also included as unemployed are civilians who did not work at all during the reference week and were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Unemployment rate - a ratio of unemployed persons divided by the civilian labor force.
Unpaid family workers - includes persons who worked 15 hours or more without pay in a business or on a farm operated by a relative. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
Vacant housing unit - A housing unit is vacant if no one is living in it at the time of enumeration, unless its occupants are only temporary absent. Units temporarily occupied at the time of enumeration entirely by persons who have a usual residence elsewhere are also classified as vacant. (U.S. Bureau of the Census)
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Definitions of Hawaiian | |
Terms and Definitions |